Which attack is classified as an access attack

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Watch Now. Search free trial contact us. July 1, Guest Blogger: Nihad Hassan. Take Control of Your Network Now! Passive Attack In a passive attack, an intruder monitors a system and network communications and scans for open ports and other vulnerabilities. The two most common use cases of passive attacks are: Traffic analysis: In this type, an attacker monitors communication channels to collect a range of information, including human and machine identities, locations of these identities and types of encryption used, if applicable.

Release of message contents: In this type, an attacker will monitor an unprotected communication medium—like unencrypted email or telephone call—and intercept it for sensitive information.

However, you can implement protective measures to stop it, including: Using encryption techniques to scramble messages, making them unreadable for any unintended recipients. Two types of encryption can be implemented in this case: Symmetric keys same key on both ends —we still have a problem in exchanging the secret key secretly.

Public-key encryption where each party whether it is a user, program or system involved in the communication has two keys, one pubic and one private that must be kept secret.

Avoid posting sensitive information publicly e. Figure 1 - Passive attack Traffic analysis Active Attack An active attack involves using information gathered during a passive attack to compromise a user or network. In the reconnaissance phase, hackers identify a vulnerable target and explore how to exploit it. The initial target can be anyone in the company. Attackers need only a single point of entrance to get started. Targeted phishing emails are common as an effective method of distributing malware in this phase.

The whole point is getting to know the target. At this stage, hackers are asking themselves who the important people in the company are, who they do business with, and what public data is available about the target organization.

Company websites and online contact resources such as Linkedin are two obvious sources for researching key people in organizations. Among publicly available data, hackers collect Internet Protocol IP address information and run scans to determine what hardware and software the target company is using. The more time hackers spend gaining information about the people and systems at the company, the more successful the hacking attempt will be. This could involve creating believable spear phishing e-mails that look like e-mails that the target could potentially receive from a known vendor or other business contact.

Hackers use the Zeus malware to create massive botnets. The main purpose of Zeus is to help hackers gain unauthorized access to financial systems by stealing credentials, banking information and financial data.

Cobalt Strike is a commercial penetration testing tool. This tool enables security testers access to a large variety of attack capabilities. You can use Cobalt Strike to execute spear-phishing and gain unauthorized access to systems.

It can also simulate a variety of malware and other advanced threat tactics. While Cobalt Strike is a legitimate tool used by ethical hackers, some cyber-criminals obtain the trial version and crack its software protection, or even obtain access to a commercial copy of the software. FTCode is a type of ransomware, designed to encrypt data and force victims to pay a ransom for a decryption key. The code is written in PowerShell, meaning that it can encrypt files on a Windows device without downloading any other components.

FTCode loads its executable code only into memory, without saving it to disk, to prevent detection by antivirus. The FTCode ransomware is distributed via spam emails containing an infected Word template in Italian.

In other words, the tool steals passwords. It is deployed on Windows and enables users to extract Kerberos tickets and other authentication tokens from the machine. Privilege escalation is a common method for gaining unauthorized access to systems. Usually, the first point of penetration will not grant attackers with the necessary level of access or data.

They will continue with privilege escalation to gain more permissions or obtain access to additional, more sensitive systems. Lateral movement is an approach used by cyber-criminals to regularly transverse a network to access or damage valuable data or assets.

Hackers use tools and methodologies to obtain privileges and access, which enable them move laterally between applications and devices in a network to isolate targets, map the system, and ultimately access high-value targets. Broken, or misconfigured authentication mechanisms are the main cause of unauthorized access. Attackers plan their campaign carefully against strategic targets and carry it out over an extended period of time. A zero-day vulnerability is a software vulnerability that is discovered by attackers before the vendor has become aware of it.

At that point, no patch exists, so attackers can easily exploit the vulnerability knowing that no defenses are in place. This makes zero-day vulnerabilities a severe security threat.

We have authored in-depth guides on several other security topics that can also be useful as you explore the world of network attacks. EDR is a set of tools and practices that you can use to detect and respond to security attacks on your network. There are a number of methods an attacker can use to steal the session ID, such as a cross-site scripting attack used to hijack session IDs.

An attacker can also opt to hijack the session to insert themselves between the requesting computer and the remote server, pretending to be the other party in the session. This allows them to intercept information in both directions and is commonly called a man-in-the-middle attack.

Learn more about man-in-the-middle attacks. Even though security best practices universally recommend that you have unique passwords for all your applications and websites, many people still reuse their passwords—a fact attackers rely on. When it comes to credentials, variety is essential. Password managers are available and can be helpful when it comes to managing the various credentials you use.

This is just a selection of common attack types and techniques follow this link to learn more about web application vulnerabilities, specifically. It is not intended to be exhaustive, and attackers do evolve and develop new methods as needed; however, being aware of, and mitigating these types of attacks will significantly improve your security posture.

Quick Cookie Notification This site uses cookies, including for analytics, personalization, and advertising purposes. Common Types of Cybersecurity Attacks A look at the various types of cybersecurity threats and attack vectors. Phishing Of course, chances are you wouldn't just open a random attachment or click on a link in any email that comes your way—there has to be a compelling reason for you to take action.

Cross-Site Scripting XSS In an SQL injection attack, an attacker goes after a vulnerable website to target its stored data, such as user credentials or sensitive financial data. Denial-of-Service DoS Imagine you're sitting in traffic on a one-lane country road, with cars backed up as far as the eye can see. Session Hijacking and Man-in-the-Middle Attacks When you're on the internet, your computer has a lot of small back-and-forth transactions with servers around the world letting them know who you are and requesting specific websites or services.